Tuesday, 11-2-09

Homework: 

Cres Test this Friday, 11/6 on units 1 and 2.

Students should now have read and reviewed chapters: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11.

Study all vocab below. Study all review sheets and graded quizzes from each of the units. Students are working on a Review packet in class and will bring it home to study on Wed.

Vocab covered so far this semester.

Medieval Middle East

Mohammad- was a teacher of the faith, Islam

Prophet- a person chosen by God to communicate his words to the people (messenger)

Convert- a person who adopts new beliefs (example: religion)

Caliph- a title taken by Muslim rulers who claimed religious authority to rule

Qur'an- Holy Book of Islam

Shari'ah- Islamic law

Sunnah- the example of Muhammad in the Qur'an (practice)

Jihad- represents Muslim's struggle w/ internal and external challenges trying to please Allah

Algebra- math problems

Conservatory- school of music

Evolution- how animals and living things develop

Fatamid dynasty- Muslim ruling family from Egypt and North Africa

Navigation- getting from one place to another using transportation

Crusades- Holy Wars b/t Christians and Muslims

Holy Land- the area b/t Egypt and Syria that was the ancient homeland of Jews, the birthplace of Christianity, and a sacred place to Muslims

Segregation- the forced separation of one group of people from the rest of the community

Anti-Semitism- Negative feelings and actions toward people of the Jewish faith

Medieval Europe

Anarchy- belief in no public government, usually leading to chaos

Inflation- economic situation were there is more money of less value

Mercenary- a soldier who serves for pay in a foreign army

Scarcity- the economic wants for goods and services that are greater than the limited resources available

Patriarch- ranked next to the emperor in matters of religion in the Eastern Orthodox Church. Means "first among equals"

Icon- a type of religious image typically painted on a small wooden panel and considered sacred by Eastern Orthodox Christians

Liturgy- a sacred rite of public worship such as a song or chant

Schism- a formal division in a church or religious body

Charlemagne- leader of Franks who unified nearly all the Christian lands of Europe into a single empire

Self-sufficient- able to do things w/o help

Serfs- unfree peasants

Vassal- noble who served as a lord of higher rank

Freemen-peasants who paid the lord to farm land

Institution- a group or organization with a special purpose in society

Castle- large house

Feudalism- economic and political system found in Europe

Lord- a ruler or a powerful landowner

Noble- people having a high rank in the kingdom

Manor- a large estate

Fief- piece of land given to a vassal by their Lord

Pilgrimage- a journey to a holy site

Persecuted- to cause a person to suffer b/c of his or her beliefs

Excommunicate- to formally deprive a person of membership in church

Guilds- organizations of people who work in the same craft or trade

Charter- written grant of right and privileges by a ruler or government to a community, class of people, or organization

Commerce- the buying and selling of goods

Bubonic Plague- a deadly contagious disease caused by bacteria and spread by fleas

Magna Carta- written agreement from  1215 that limited the English king's power and strenghtened the rights of nobles

Heretic- a person who holds beliefs that are contrary to the teaching of a church or group

Commoner- a person who is not of noble rank

Joan of Arc- a peasant girl, inspired the people of France to fight for their country